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2018, Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian (JDP)
Optimum NPK Fertilization on Soybean in the Lowlands to Maintain Soil Fertility and High Yield. Factors causing a low soybean productivity in Indonesia among the others is the inoptimum availability of nutrients. Report had indicated that the N, P, and K nutrients balance in soybean production centers of lowlands tend to be negative, caused by inbalance fertilization practices and habit of the farmers to take the entire crop harvest off the land. It was estimated that deficit at 45 to 50 kg N, 0 to 4 kg of P, and 0 to 30 kg K/ha happened when rice was harvested, crop yielded 6 t/ha in low land. From an average soybean yields of 1 t/ha, it took nutrient off the land of about 70 kg N, 7 kg P, and 43 kg K/ha. There is an indication the occurance of the hidden hunger symptoms of N and P in some farmers' lands. Fertilization of N and P had increased grain yield, but the increase was not high enough to convince farmers. For that reason, usually N and P fertilization was not applied. Farmers also choose not to fertilize the soybean crop, because it is not profitable. The policy of not recommending fertilization on to the hidden hunger lands needs to be revised, because in the long run it will not beneficial for the sustainability of the soil fertility and productive farming. The principle of optimization of N, P, and K fertilization is to apply fertilizers as much as plants' need to reach the targeted yield and to conserve the nutrient status in the soil. Thus, it could result in soybean yield increases and maintains soil fertility. The recommendation of N, P, and K optimization on soybean plants can be performed: 1) based on the analysis of the status of N, P, and K soil, 2) optimization of fertilization of N, P, and K based on the agronomic efficiency of N, P, and K. ABSTRAK Produktivitas kedelai di Indonesia termasuk rendah, salah satu penyebabnya adalah ketersediaan hara dalam tanah tidak optimal bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Neraca hara N, P, dan K lahan sawah dan lahan kering di sentra produksi kedelai dilaporkan mengalami keseimbangan negatif. Hal ini disebabkan oleh minimnya dosis pupuk yang diaplikasikan atau praktek pemupukan yang tidak berimbang serta kebiasaan petani membawa seluruh tanaman hasil panen keluar dari lahan. Dari hasil kedelai di tingkat petani sebesar 1 ton biji/ha, tanaman mengangkut hara 70 kg, 7 kg P, dan 43 kg K/ha. Dengan kondisi tersebut ,terdapat indikasi gejala kahat hara tersamar (hidden hunger) unsur N dan P di sentra produksi kedelai. Pemberian pupuk N dan P meningkatkan hasil, walaupun tidak tinggi atau secara statistik tidak nyata. Dalam keadaan seperti ini, pemupukan N dan P seakan tidak menjadi keharusan. Petani lebih memilih tidak melakukan pemupukan pada tanaman kedelai karena dianggap tidak menguntungkan. Tidak adanya anjuran pemupukan kedelai pada lahan yang mengalami gejala hidden hunger tersebut, dalam jangka panjang tidak menguntungkan bagi keberlanjutan dan kelestarian kesuburan lahan. Prinsip optimasi pemupukan N, P, dan K adalah pemberian pupuk yang sesuai dengan target hasil yang ingin dicapai, dengan tetap mempertahankan status kesuburan lahan. Dengan demikian, pemupukan optimal mempunyai implikasi peningkatan hasil kedelai dengan tetap mempertahankan kesuburan lahan. Anjuran optimasi pemupukan N, P, dan K pada tanaman kedelai dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan: 1) rekomendasi dosis pupuk berdasarkan analisis status N, P, dan K tanah, dan 2) optimasi pemupukan N, P, dan K berdasarkan nilai efisiensi agronomi N, P, dan K.
Daging ayam merupakan salah satu produk peternakan yang memegang peran cukup penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi masyarakat Indonesia sebagai sumber protein hewani. Bentuk olahan daging ayam yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat adalah nugget ayam. Tepung atau pati yang biasa digunakan untuk pembuatan nugget adalah tepung terigu. Indonesia mempunyai banyak jenis umbi lokal yang dapat menghasilkan pati dan memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi (filler) dalam pembuatan nugget, misalnya umbi gembili. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat penggunaan pati gembili terhadap sifat fisik yang sama dengan kontrol dan akseptabilitas nugget ayam yang paling disukai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan (tepung terigu 10% sebagai kontrol dan pati gembili 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20%) dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan dilakukan Analisis Ragam dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan digunakan Uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada penggunaan tingkat pati gembili 5% menghasilkan nugget ayam dengan persentase daya ikat air (46,40%), susut masak (6,31%) dan kekenyalan (133,75 mm/g/10 detik) yang sama dengan kontrol serta secara akseptabilitas paling disukai dengan skala hedonik suka-sangat suka (4,00- 4,15). Kata Kunci: Nugget ayam, pati gembili, daya ikat air, susut masak, kekenyalan, akseptabilitas
2017 •
ABSTRACT The use of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers is one effort to increase the productivity of land and vegetable crops, including petsai. In general, vegetable farmers tend to use fertilizers, especially inorganic fertilizers (NPK) more than recommended, which can cause soil damage, environmental pollution, and the development of certain pest diseases, which can lead to a decline in productivity of vegetable crops large enough. To overcome these problems need an alternative technology that can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and prevent soil and environmental damage. One of them with the use of liquid organic biological fertilizer. Organic fertilizer contains macro nutrients, micro nutrients, and 10 types of useful microbes. However, the effectiveness of biological organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of vegetables is still unknown. The experiment was conducted in experimental garden of Lembang Vegetable Research Institute (1250 m asl) from July to November 2011, with the aim to know the effect of liquid bio-organic fertilizer on growth and yield of petsai plants, and get the dosage of liquid bio-organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer Most suitable for growth and yield of petsai plants. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with 3 replications and 7 treatment combinations of liquid organic biochemical dosage, standard organic fertilizer (horse manure) and NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the use of liquid organic fertilizers and NPK fertilizers did not increase the growth and yield of petsai plants significantly. The highest yield was obtained by treatment of 1 dose of liquid biological organic fertilizer (10,5 l / ha) + 1 standard NPK dose (500 kg / ha). The treatment has Relative Agronomic Effectiveness and Relative Economic value of more than 100%.
2015 •
Abstrak : Pupuk organik berperan dalam meningkatkan kesuburan fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah serta mengefisienkan penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Kualitas dan komposisi pupuk organik bervariasi tergantung dari bahan dasar kompos dan proses pembuatannya. Penggunaan tanaman legum baik berupa tanaman lorong (alley cropping) maupun tanaman penutup tanah (cover crop) serta bahan organik insitu, perlu diintensifkan untuk mendukung pemanfaatan pupuk organik non komersial dan pemulihan kesuburan tanah.Pemberdayaan masyarakat dan kelompok tani dalam pengadaan pupuk organik dapat dilakukan melalui: a) melatih petani membuat pupuk organik insitu yang berasal dari kotoran ternak dan sisa tanaman yang dikomposkan;b) mendorong petani melakukan diversifikasi usaha pertanian berbasis ternak; dan c) mendorong petani melakukan pengelolaan bahan organik insitu terutama pada lahan kering. Pemanfaatan pupuk organik telah diterapkan dalam sistem budidaya pertanian organik (organic farming) dan System rice of...
Jurnal Agroteknologi
Potensi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Diazotrof Dari Rhizosfer Kelapa Sawit Tanah Gambut Saprik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa SawitUtilization of biological fertilizer has the potential to reduce inorganic fertilizer application in oil palm cultivation. The aims of this research to obtain the potential of phosphate (P) solubilizing and diazotrophic bacteria from oil palm rhizosphere towards palm oil seedling growth. This research has been done on Sapric peat soil at Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province from June to November 2014, using a factorial randomized block design (3x5 with 3 replications). The first factor were the potential bacteria isolates (Io = without isolates; I1 = Isolate T5.1 + T7. I2 = Isolate T9.1 + T5); the second factor were NPK fertilizer dosage (p1-100%; p2 = 85%; p3 = 70% fertilizer and p4 = 55% recommended fertilizer). The results showed that sapric peat soil was a potential source of P solubilizing bacteria with the ability to solubilized of P up to 329.94 ppm, and diazotrophic bacteria with the ability of N-fixation up to 0.0293 mmol/L/ hr. Application of 70% N and P fertilizers and i2 is...
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