EP1300315A1 - Coupling arrangement for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The coupling between rail cars, in a train rake, has a coupling head (1) with an angled coupling surface (3) and at least one pneumatic supply line (2), which is connected to the pneumatic line of the facing coupling head when they are locked together. The pneumatic line has a connector (9) within the coupling surface, with couplings (10) which move between active and inactive positions. When it is ready to be coupled, it is withdrawn in the inactive setting and/or it has a chamfered mantle surface at a head piece to be pushed by the other coupling in relation to the coupling surface when the cars are coupled together.

Description

The invention relates to a coupling arrangement for rail vehicles according to the Preamble of claim 1.

With newer couplings for rail vehicles, the coupling process executed fully automatically by both a mechanical coupling of the two Coupling heads as well as a coupling of the connecting lines, especially also the pneumatic connecting lines.

There is a problem with such coupling arrangements for rail vehicles in that within the sloping coupling surface of the coupling head no protruding connection elements for connecting the connection lines should be provided as these are sheared off during the coupling process or would at least be damaged. For this reason, in clutch arrangements, the have an inclined coupling surface, the pneumatic Up to now, the majority of connection lines have been on the side of the coupling head arranged. The two pneumatic connection lines are coupled mostly mechanical. Since such an arrangement requires a relatively large amount of space, the Coupling head undesirably large and complicated.

A coupling arrangement for rail vehicles is known from US 1,403,657, whose coupling head is provided with a two-part coupling surface. The rear one the coupling surface facing the rail vehicle runs transversely to Longitudinal center axis of the coupling head, while the front coupling surface an exposed and protruding hook-like headboard is arranged and runs obliquely to the longitudinal center axis of the coupling head. The rear one Coupling surface is provided with a recess into which the front, exposed one Head part of the counter clutch engages during the coupling process. The respective Coupling head is provided with a safety bracket, which locks the Head part of the counter coupling is used. For pneumatic connection of the respective Supply line, a valve arrangement is provided, which with a is largely provided within the coupling head extending rod that the Coupling head protrudes at the end. Inside the coupling head is on the rod itself spring-loaded poppet valve arranged, which is the pneumatic connecting line blocked in the unloaded state. On the front is the respective stick from one built-in sealing ring surround. The two come during the coupling process Sealing rings lie against each other and the end of one rod meets the end of the other rod arranged in the counter coupling. This shifts the each rod back into the respective coupling head and opens that Poppet valve, which creates the pneumatic connecting lines of the two Coupling heads are interconnected.

The object of the present invention is now, one according to the Preamble of claim 1 designed coupling arrangement for rail vehicles propose that has a compact coupling head, despite the sloping coupling surface a safe and reliable coupling of the pneumatic connecting lines should be made possible.

This object is achieved by the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

By arranging the connection element within the coupling surface, realize a compact coupling head. To avoid the coupling member the connecting element is damaged during the coupling process, will be described in the following proposed that the coupling member in the clutch-ready state of Coupling head is in the engaged rest position and / or with a one is provided with bevelled outer surface, on which the Coupling member during the coupling process from the counter clutch relative to Coupling surface is displaceable. Each of the two measures mentioned above sure that the coupling element is not affected by the Counter clutch is damaged, the two measures in the sense of a reliable functioning and, of course, in terms of additional security can be combined with each other.

Preferred embodiments of the clutch arrangement are in the dependent Claims 2 to 19 circumscribed.

If the coupling element is to be used after the mechanical coupling of the coupling head the mating clutch is moved pneumatically from the rest to the active position are, as described in a preferred embodiment, so for the pneumatic displacement of the coupling member, preferably directly Compressed air from the supply line is used.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kupplungskopfs einer Kupplungsanordnung;

Fig. 2 bis 4

den Kupplungskopf gemäss Fig. 1 zusammen mit einem Teil der Gegenkupplung in verschiedenen Phasen während des Kupplungsvorgangs, wobei beide Kupplungsköpfe mit Druckluft versorgt sind;

Fig. 5 bis 7

den Kupplungskopf gemäss Fig. 1 zusammen mit einem Teil der Gegenkupplung in verschiedenen Phasen während des Entkupplungsvorgangs;

Fig. 8 bis 10

den Kupplungskopf gemäss Fig. 1 zusammen mit einem Teil der Gegenkupplung in verschiedenen Phasen während des Kupplungsvorgangs, wobei nur der eine Kupplungskopf mit Druckluft versorgt ist;

Fig. 11 und 12

ein ungewolltes Trennen der Kupplungsköpfe, und

Fig. 13

einen Kupplungskopf mit einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kupplungsorgans.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. In these drawings:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a coupling head of a coupling arrangement;

2 to 4

the coupling head according to Figure 1 together with part of the counter-coupling in different phases during the coupling process, both coupling heads are supplied with compressed air.

5 to 7

the coupling head of Figure 1 together with part of the counter-coupling in different phases during the uncoupling process.

8 to 10

the coupling head according to Figure 1 together with a part of the counter-coupling in different phases during the coupling process, only one coupling head being supplied with compressed air;

11 and 12

an unwanted separation of the coupling heads, and

Fig. 13

a coupling head with an alternative embodiment of a coupling member.

1, which shows the coupling arrangement in a longitudinal section the basic structure of which is explained in more detail. The largely shown schematically Coupling arrangement consists of a coupling head 1, which is connected to a pneumatic Supply line 2 is provided. Around the supply line 2 of the coupling head 1 to be able to connect to the supply line of the mating coupling (not shown), Various elements are provided, which will be discussed in more detail below becomes. In the present case, both a Brake line understood as well as a conventional pneumatic feed line be, a coupling head of course with both of the above Supply lines can be provided. The two supply lines are preferably arranged one above the other. For the sake of simplicity, the following is however, only spoken of a pneumatic supply line. It it is understood that in the presence of two pneumatic supply lines preferably both with the elements detailed below are provided, or function according to the principle explained, possibly only a 3/2-way valve must be provided to control the corresponding elements.

The arrangement and operation of this 3/2-way valve will be described below explained in more detail.

The coupling head 1 has an inclined coupling surface 3 on the coupling side, which are provided at the end with a side cheek 4 for receiving the counter-coupling is. In the present case, oblique means that the coupling surface 3 encloses an angle with the longitudinal center axis L of the coupling head 1. in the Normally, the longitudinal center axis L of the coupling head 1 coincides with the Longitudinal center axis L of the rail vehicle (not shown) together. On the the Side cheek 4 opposite side is the coupling head 1 with a replaceable plastic plate 6 to form one of the coupling surface 3 provided upstream impact and sliding surface 7. This abutment and sliding surface 7 stands by the distance H from the coupling surface 3.

The supply line 2 opens within the inclined coupling surface 3 from the Coupling head 1. For coupling the supply line 2 is within the Coupling surface 3, a connecting element 9 is arranged, which is a coupling member 10 has. The coupling member 10 is with a central, with the supply line connected through opening 5 and pneumatically between an engaged rest position and a disengaged active position. The coupling member 10 is of a socket embedded in the coupling surface 3 11 surrounded. The socket 11 is with an annular shoulder 12 and that Coupling member 10 provided with an annular collar 13. Between the paragraph 12 of the bushing 11 and the collar 13 of the coupling member 10 is a compression spring 14 clamped, which engages the coupling member 10 in the shown here Rest position presses. The coupling member 10 has a circumferential end Provide sealing lip 15.

In an angled section of the pneumatic supply line 2 is a Shut-off valve 17 is arranged, which for shutting off the supply line 2 in uncoupled state of the coupling head 1 is used. In front of the angled section the pneumatic supply line is labeled 2.1 and then 2.2. The Shut-off valve 17 has a shut-off element 18 loaded by a spring 19, which, in the idle state, connects the supply line 2 to the shut-off device 18 adjusted valve seat 22 shuts off. On the back is the shut-off device 18 provided a circumferential collar 20. In the angled section of the Supply line 2 is a front part of the shut-off member 18 surrounding Ring channel 27 provided. For mechanical securing of mechanical Coupling elements (not shown), which during the coupling process on each engage the other coupling head (counter coupling) and the two coupling heads mechanically interconnect, a locking member 16 is provided. The Locking member 16 has three positions: one labeled A ready for coupling Position, a locking position B and a decoupled position C. At the end of the mechanical coupling process, the locking member 16 rotates in the B designated locking position. In this locking position B it secures Locking member 16 against the mechanical clutch mechanism unwanted loosening. Furthermore, as already mentioned above, is a pneumatic one 3/2-way valve 23 for the pneumatic control of the coupling member 10 and of the check valve 17 is provided. This 3/2-way valve 23 is mechanically with such the locking member 16 coupled that it is in positions A and C of Locking member 16 is in the upper rest position (decoupling position), while it is in position B of the locking member 16 in the lower operative position (Clutch position) remains.

A connecting line 24 leads from the ring channel 27 to the left input side of the 3/2-way valve 23, whereby the latter pneumatically with the in front of the shut-off device 18th lying right part 2.1 of the supply line 2 is connected. From the right Output side of the 3/2-way valve 23 leads a first outlet line 25 to the Rear of the collar 13 of the coupling member 10 and a second outlet line 26 on the front of the collar 20 arranged on the shut-off element 18.

The shut-off element 18 of the shut-off valve 17 has a through hole 21, which pneumatically the inside of the shut-off member 18 with the front of the Shutoff 18 lying right part 2.1 of the supply line 2 connects. As a result, the back (inside) of the shut-off member 18 is in the right part 2.1 pressure prevailing in the connecting line and on the line with F3 designated area so loaded that the action of the spring 19 in the closed State of the shut-off device 18 is supported. The shut-off device 18 is with a further, pneumatically acted area F2, the latter such is dimensioned such that when the second surface F2 is pressurized via the Outlet line 26, the force acting on this further surface F2 at least by the Spring bias of the spring 19 is greater than that by pressurizing the supply line 2 force exerted on the first surface F2, so that the Shut-off device 18 can be moved pneumatically against the spring force. After that Shut-off device has lifted off the valve seat 22, the pressure on the Front of the pressure on the back of the shut-off device 18, whereby the Shut-off device is suddenly moved to the open position. Through this design also causes only a small after opening the shut-off member 18 Pressure must act on the annular surface F2 so that the shut-off device 18 in the Open position persists.

When pressure is applied to the two outlet lines 25, 26 via the valve 23 also the coupling member 10 against the force of the spring 14 pneumatically postponed. The pressure-effective area on the back of the collar 13 of the Coupling member 10 is designated F1. The pressure-effective area F1 on the collar 13 of the coupling member 10 or on the collar 20 of the shut-off member 18 is in relation dimensioned to the respective spring force such that first the coupling member 10 of the rest in the active position and only then the shut-off 18 from the shut-in the open position is moved. This can prevent the Connection line 2 is opened before this via the coupling member 10 with the Connection line of the counter coupling is connected. Preferably that is Coupling member 10 pneumatically at least by the vertical distance H between the abutment and sliding surface 7 and the coupling surface 3 via the coupling surface 3 slidable. This can ensure that even then pneumatic connection between the coupling member 10 of this side Connection line 2 and the coupling member of the connection line of the counter-coupling comes about when only the coupling element 10 on this side of the rest in the Active position is shifted. This is the case, for example, if only one, this side, clutch assembly is supplied with compressed air, as follows is explained in more detail.

The coupling process and the connection of the Supply lines between the coupling head on this side and the Coupling head of a counter coupling explained in more detail, it being assumed that both coupling heads are supplied with compressed air. Same parts of the Counter coupling are provided with the same reference numerals and the addition "a".

In FIG. 2 there is the coupling head 1 on this side as well as the one Mating clutch 1a, of which only the area around the coupling member 10a is shown, in the initial state, i.e. in the dome-ready position. The locking member 16 is in the Dome-ready position A and the associated 3/2-way valve 23 in the upper rest position, in which the two outgoing lines 25, 26 to Atmosphere are open, while the connecting line 24 within the valve 23rd Is blocked. The clutch member 10 is in the engaged idle state, so that it is not of the counter coupling 1a carrying out a relative movement is damaged. The shut-off device 18 takes the supply line 2 blocking hibernation.

Fig. 3 shows the state after the two coupling heads mechanically together were coupled. Now the locking member 16 is in the Locking position B and the valve 23 was from the upper rest to the lower Active position switched in which the two outgoing lines 25, 26 via the valve 23 are pressurized with compressed air. In this state, the covenant of the Coupling member 10 is pressurized with compressed air, whereby the coupling member 10 pneumatically moved forward into the active position shown. Now there is via the two coupling members 10, 10a a connection between the Supply lines 2, 2a. It is understood that in the counter clutch 1a the same process takes place by the coupling member 10a also forward in the Active position is moved so that the two coupling members 10, 10a finally hit approximately in the middle between the two clutches, as in the present case is shown.

After the coupling member 10 has been moved into the operative position, that too Shut-off device 18 against the spring force pneumatically from the shut-off in the Open position shifted, whereby the supply line 2 is opened and the two coupling heads 1, 1a are pneumatically connected to one another (FIG. 4). The provides sealing lip 15 (FIG. 1) arranged on the end face of the respective coupling member 10 thereby ensuring a tight connection.

The decoupling process is explained with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. To the two To decouple coupling heads 1, 1a, the locking member 16 of the Locking position B rotated to the uncoupled position C. This can, depending on Design of the coupling, done manually or automatically. By twisting the Locking member 16, the mechanical coupling elements are unlocked and the valve 23 is from the upper coupling to the lower uncoupling position switched, causing the pressure in the outlet lines 25, 26 to the atmosphere can escape. This moves first under the load of the respective spring Shut-off device 18 from the open to the shut-off position and closes the Supply line (Fig. 5). Thereafter, the clutch member 10 is engaged Rest position moves (Fig. 6) and breaks the connection between the Supply lines. Finally, the counter coupling 1a is removed mechanically and the locking member 16 rotated into the dome-ready position A (Fig. 7).

FIGS. 8 to 10 show different phases during the coupling process, in contrast to the coupling process explained at the beginning, only the right, on this side, the two coupling heads 1, 1a to be coupled are supplied with compressed air.

The basic difference from the example shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is in that in this case the coupling member 10 of the right coupling head 1 about twice the amount has to be moved so that a connection between the two supply lines 2, 2a comes about because the coupling member 10a of the left coupling head 1a remains in the rest position. This state is shown in FIG. 9 and 10. After the right coupling member 10 on the coupling member 10a of the mating coupling 1a, the shut-off device 18 moves in the this side coupling head 1 from shut-off in the open position, which now the Supply line 2a in the counter coupling 1a is also supplied with compressed air and their pressure rises. As a result, the end face of the shut-off device Counter clutch 1a also acted on with compressed air, so that this is from Valve seat lifts off. Since the 3/2-way valve in the counter coupling 1a is already at mechanical coupling process has been shifted from the rest to the active position, the shut-off device is now moved from the shut-off to the open position. After that the collar of the coupling member 10a and the shut-off member (not shown) with Pneumatic pressure is applied and the two coupling elements 10, 10a oscillate over time in a middle position between the two coupling heads 1, 1a.

11 and 12 is an unwanted separation of the coupling heads described. It is assumed that the two coupling heads 1, 1a, 11, mechanically and pneumatically coupled with each other, and the locking member 16 is in the coupling position B. If from this State in which an (left) coupling head is unintentionally separated, so escapes in two coupling heads 1, 1a the compressed air via the respective coupling member 10, 10a into the atmosphere. However, since the 3/2-way valve 23 is still in the lower one Active position (clutch position), the shut-off device 18 remains on the line 26 continues to be pneumatically actuated and remains in the open position, so that the Pressure in the supply line 2 remains constantly low. Therefore, one is suitable Coupling arrangement in particular for connecting the pneumatic Supply lines as provided for the brakes to be released pneumatically and are nowadays usually also used on rail vehicles. As soon as namely a pressure drop in the pneumatic brake system is forced emergency braking initiated.

13 shows a coupling head with an alternative embodiment of a Coupling member 29, the connecting element in turn with the reference number 9 is provided. The coupling member 29 is provided with a head part 30, the one has beveled outer surface 8. The lateral surface 8 closes with the Longitudinal central axis 34 of the coupling member 29 an angle a of more than 45 °.

By biasing a spring 31, the coupling member 29 is in here shown, disengaged rest position, in which the head part 30 the Coupling surface 3 protrudes by at least the distance H. The coupling member 29 is can be moved transversely to the coupling surface 3 against the spring force. The basic one Difference from that previously explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 Coupling member 10 is that the coupling member 29 shown here for one has a disengaged rest position and the other not pneumatically from the rest position is moved into the active position. Rather, the coupling member 29 a disengaged rest position. In addition, the coupling member 29 at Coupling process on the beveled outer surface 8 by the counter-coupling 1b shifted relative to the coupling surface 3. This allows the counter clutch 1b Run over coupling member 29 without the risk of damage to the same consists. The coupling member is also in this case with a central Through opening 32 and a front side comprising the through opening 32 arranged seal 33 provided. Possibly. can with this variant on the in the Pneumatic line arranged shutoff valve 17 can also be dispensed with.

It goes without saying that the combination of a pneumatically displaceable and one with a chamfered lateral surface 8 provided head part 30 definitely one represents a sensible and executable variant. With such a combination For example, ensure that in the event of the head part jamming in the disengaged position, the coupling member from the counter clutch in the indented position is moved.

In addition, it should be noted that a coupling head designed according to FIG. 1 without be coupled with a coupling head designed according to FIG. 13 can.

• kompakter Aufbau des Kupplungskopfs;
• keine separate Energiezufuhr zum Kuppeln der Versorgungsleitungen notwendig; ggf. wird die pneumatische Energie der Druckluft zum Bewegen der die Verbindung zwischen den pneumatischen Versorgungsleitungen herstellenden Kupplungsorgane verwendet;
• einfache, sichere und zuverlässige Funktionsweise;
• ein sicheres Kuppeln ist auch dann gewährleistet, wenn nur der eine der beiden zu verbindenden Kupplungsköpfe mit Druckluft versorgt ist;
• im Falle einer ungewollten Trennung wird eine Notbremsung eingeleitet;
• Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 1 ist im entkuppelten Zustand (Hebel 16 in Position C) die pneumatische Leitung zwischen den beiden Fahrzeugen physikalisch getrennt, auch wenn die Kupplungsköpfe noch aneinander anliegen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Kupplungsorgan 10 nach dem Lösen der mechanischen Kupplung pneumatisch entlastet wird und sich durch die Federvorspannung in die eingerückte Ruhestellung bewegt, so dass ein ungewolltes pneumatisches "Auffüllen" des Gegenfahrzeugs nicht möglich ist.

The advantages of a clutch arrangement designed according to the invention can be stated as follows:

• compact design of the coupling head;
• no separate energy supply necessary to couple the supply lines; if necessary, the pneumatic energy of the compressed air is used to move the coupling elements which establish the connection between the pneumatic supply lines;
• simple, safe and reliable operation;
• Safe coupling is also ensured if only one of the two coupling heads to be connected is supplied with compressed air;
• in the event of an unwanted separation, an emergency stop is initiated;
• 1, the pneumatic line between the two vehicles is physically separated in the uncoupled state (lever 16 in position C), even if the coupling heads are still in contact with one another. This is achieved in that the clutch member 10 is released pneumatically after the mechanical clutch is released and moves by the spring preload into the engaged rest position, so that an unwanted pneumatic "filling" of the opposite vehicle is not possible.

Claims (19)

Coupling arrangement for rail vehicles, with a coupling head (1) provided with an inclined coupling surface (3), which is provided with at least one pneumatic supply line (2) which is to be connected to the pneumatic supply line of the mating coupling (1a) during the coupling process, characterized that the supply line (2) is provided with a connection element (9) which is arranged within the coupling surface (3) and which has a coupling element (10, 29) which can be moved between a rest position and an active position, the coupling element (10) being in the state ready for coupling of the coupling head (1) is in an engaged rest position and / or is provided with a head part (30) having a bevelled outer surface (8), on which the disengaged coupling member (29) during the coupling process from the counter clutch (1a) relative to the coupling surface (3 ) is movable. Coupling arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling member (10, 29) has a central through opening (5, 32) connected to the supply line and on its front side with a seal (15, 33) comprising the through opening (5, 32) is provided. Coupling arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coupling member (29) is displaceable transversely to the coupling surface (3) and is provided with a head part (30) having a beveled outer surface (8), which outer surface (8) with the longitudinal center axis ( 34) of the coupling member (29) includes an angle (a) of more than 45 °. Coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling member (29) is loaded by a spring (31) which is intended to press the coupling member (29) into a disengaged rest position, the coupling member (29) during the coupling process by the Counter clutch (1b) can be moved against the spring force from the disengaged rest position to an engaged active position. Coupling arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling member (10) is loaded by a spring (14) which is intended to press the coupling member (10) into an engaged rest position, and in that the coupling member (10) the mechanical coupling of the coupling head (1) with the counter-coupling (1a) is moved pneumatically against the spring force from the engaged rest position to the disengaged active position. Coupling arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling member (10) is loaded by a spring (14) which is intended to press the coupling member (10) into an engaged position in the idle state. Coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shut-off valve (17) is arranged in the pneumatic supply line (2) and is provided with a shut-off device (18) which shuts off the supply line (2) in the uncoupled state of the coupling head (1). Coupling arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that control means (23) are provided for the pneumatic actuation of the shut-off valve (17), which control means (23) can be actuated by a locking member (16) which signals the end of the coupling process in such a way that the shut-off member (18) after the mechanical coupling of the coupling head (1) with the counter-coupling (1a) has been carried out, it can be pneumatically displaced from the shut-off to the open position. Coupling arrangement according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the shut-off element (18) of the shut-off valve (17) is loaded in the closing direction by means of a spring (19). Coupling arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the shut-off element (18) of the shut-off valve (17) is provided with a first, pneumatically actuatable surface (F3) which loads the shut-off element (18) in the closed state in the closed direction, and in that the shut-off element (18 ) is provided with a second, pneumatically actuated surface (F2) which loads the shut-off device (18) against the closing direction, the latter being dimensioned such that when the second surface (F2) is pressurized via the supply line (2) which acts on the force acting on the second surface (F2) is at least by the spring preload of the spring (19) greater than the force exerted on the first surface (F2) by pressurization via the supply line (2), so that the shut-off device (18) pneumatically against the spring force is movable. Coupling arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that common control means (23) for the pneumatic actuation of the coupling member (10) and the shut-off member (18) are provided. Coupling arrangement according to Claim 7 or 11, characterized in that the shut-off element (18) is shifted from the rest position into the active position with a delay in relation to the coupling element (10). Coupling arrangement according to claim 7 or 11, characterized in that the coupling member (10) is shifted from the active into the rest position with a delay compared to the shut-off member (18). Coupling arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the respective ratio between the pressurizable surface (F1, F2) and the spring preload in the coupling member (10) is greater than in the shut-off member (18), so that the coupling member (10) in front the shut-off device (17) is shifted from the rest position into the active position or from the shut-off position into the open position. Coupling arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the respective ratio between the pressurizable surface (F1, F2) and the spring preload in the coupling member (10) is greater than in the shut-off device (18), so that the shut-off device (17) is in front the coupling member (10) is moved from the active to the rest position or from the open to the shut-off position. Coupling arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the control means comprise a 3/2-way valve (23) for the pneumatic actuation of the coupling member (10) and the shut-off member (18). Coupling arrangement according to claim 11 or 16, characterized in that the pneumatic control means (23) are fed by the connecting line (2). Coupling arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the supply line (2) in the coupling head (1) is angled and forms a valve seat (22) on which the shut-off element (18) rests in the shut-off position. Coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling head (1) has a pushing and sliding surface (7) upstream of the coupling surface (3) and the coupling member (10) pneumatically or by pretensioning the spring by at least the vertical distance ( H) between the abutment and sliding surface (7) and the coupling surface (3) over the coupling surface (3) is displaceable.

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